Suit – A lawsuit brought by a plaintiff against a defendant based on a claim that the defendant failed to comply with a legal obligation, causing harm to the plaintiff. To define a legal term, enter a word or phrase below. Judgment – The official decision of a court that finally decides on the respective rights and claims of the parties to a dispute. Case law – The use of court decisions to determine how other laws (e.g., statutes) apply in a particular situation. For example, a trial court may use an earlier Supreme Court decision that presents similar problems. Chief Justice – The judge who has primary responsibility for the administration of a court. The President also decides on business, and the choice of Presidents is determined by seniority. 1. Pay money for goods and services. See Expenses.

2. Use a resource such as Time. prose – Latin term meaning „on one`s own account“; In the courts, these are people who present their own cases without a lawyer. habeas corpus – A brief often used to bring a prisoner to court to determine the lawfulness of his detention. A detainee who wishes to argue that there are insufficient grounds for detention would file an application for habeas corpus. It can also be used to detain a person in court in order to testify or be prosecuted. Grand jury – A panel of citizens who hear evidence of criminal charges presented by the government and determine whether there are probable reasons to believe the crime was committed. As used in federal criminal cases, „the government“ refers to lawyers in the U.S. Attorney`s Office who are pursuing the case. Trial before a grand jury is closed to the public and the person suspected of having committed the crime is not allowed to be present or have a lawyer present.

States are not required to appoint grand juries, but the federal government must do so under the Constitution. Court – A governmental body empowered to settle disputes. Judges sometimes use the term „court“ to refer to themselves in the third person, as in „the court read the pleadings.“ The glossary of legal terms defines more than 100 of the most common legal terms in easy-to-understand language. The terms are listed in alphabetical order and can be best accessed by selecting a letter here: In British law and certain related legal systems, a decree is issued when it is „exhausted by the achievement of the purposes for which it was issued“. [1] [2] See-dire – Procedure by which judges and lawyers select a small jury from among eligible persons by questioning them to establish their knowledge of the facts of the case and their willingness to decide the case solely on the basis of the evidence presented to the court. „See to say“ is an expression that means „to tell the truth“. Common Law – The legal system that originated in England and is now used in the United States. It is based on judicial decisions and not on laws passed by the legislature.

Jurisdiction – (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have jurisdiction to hear the same case at the same time. Some issues may be brought in state and federal courts. The plaintiff first decides where to file the lawsuit, but in some cases, the defendant may try to change the court. (2) The geographical area in which the court has jurisdiction to hear cases. For example, a federal court in a state can generally only decide a case arising from lawsuits filed in that state. n. the deliberate use of deception, deception or dishonest means to deprive others of money, property or legal rights. A party who has lost something due to fraud has the right to bring an action for damages against the fraudulent party, and damages may include punitive damages as a penalty or public example due to the malicious nature of the fraud. Very often, there are several people involved in a fraudulent scheme and each can be held liable for all damages. Fraud is inherent in an unfair advantage over another person or entity. This includes not reporting a known error in a contract or other written form (such as an act) or disclosing a fact he/she is required to communicate, such as an investigation showing that only 10 hectares of land are purchased and not 20 as originally intended.

Constructive fraud can be proven by proving a breach of a legal duty (such as using trust funds held for others when investing in one`s own business) without direct evidence of fraud or fraudulent intent. Extrinsic fraud occurs when deception is used to prevent someone from exercising a right, such as a fair trial, by hiding evidence or misleading the opposing party in a dispute. Since fraud aims to use dishonesty to deprive others of money, property or a right, it can also be a crime for which the fraudulent person(s) can be charged, tried and convicted. Borderline assaults or exploiting someone else`s naivety with smaller amounts are often overlooked by law enforcement, suggesting that the victim is seeking a „civil remedy“ (i.e., prosecution). Increasingly, however, fraud that has fallen victim to much of the public (even in small individual quantities) has become the target of consumer fraud divisions in the offices of district attorneys and attorneys general. Case law – The study of the law and the structure of the legal system. Bail – security for the release of an accused or witness in pre-trial detention (usually in the form of money) to ensure his or her appearance on the agreed day and time. Small jury (or trial jury) – A group of citizens who hear evidence presented by both parties to the trial and determine the disputed facts. The federal criminal jury is composed of 12 people. The civil jurors of the Confederation are composed of six persons. advice – legal advice; A term used to refer to lawyers in a case.

Continuation – a judge`s decision to postpone the hearing to a later date. Testimony – evidence presented orally by witnesses during the trial or before grand juries. Default Judgment – A judgment rendered because the defendant did not respond or did not appear. Federal Issue – Jurisdiction of federal courts in matters involving the interpretation and application of the United States Constitution, acts of Congress and treaties. In some cases, state courts can also decide these issues, but cases can still go to federal courts. in forma pauperis – In the manner of a poor man. Allowing a person to sue for need or poverty without paying court fees. Service of Claim – Service of documents or subpoena on the appropriate party. Complaint – A written statement by the plaintiff exposing the injustice allegedly committed by the defendant. Librarian – Meets the information needs of judges and lawyers. Magistrate Judges – bailiffs who assist U.S. District Judges in preparing cases.

You can decide certain criminal and civil cases if both parties agree that the case will be heard by a district judge instead of a district judge. Defendant – in a civil action, the person against whom an appeal has been brought; in criminal proceedings, the person charged with the offence. Record – A written report of all actions and proceedings in a dispute. Counterclaim – A claim made by a defendant against a plaintiff. Counterclaims can often be made in the same procedure as the claimant`s claims. The Rules of Procedure may contain provisions different from those applicable in section 36(1) of the Scotland Act 1998 to the procedure applicable to bills repealing published laws. [8] Capital crime – A crime punishable by death.