The legalistic philosopher Guan Zhong (720-645 BC) stated that „the monarch and his subjects, no matter how much they keep the law, will be the great order.“ [7] Equality before the law is a principle of some branches of feminism. In the 19th century, gender equality before the law was a radical goal, but some later feminist views argue that formal legal equality is not enough to create real and social equality between women and men. An ideal of formal equality can punish women who do not adhere to a male norm, while an ideal of different treatment can reinforce gender stereotypes. [17] Equality before the law, also known as equality before the law, equality in the eyes of the law, legal equality or legal egalitarianism, is the principle that all persons must be equally protected by the law. [1] The principle requires a systematic rule of law that respects due process to ensure equal justice and requires equal protection that ensures that no individual or group of individuals is privileged by law over others. Sometimes referred to as the principle of isoononomy, it stems from various philosophical questions concerning equality, equity, and justice. Equality before the law is one of the basic principles of some definitions of liberalism. [2] [3] It is incompatible with legal slavery. The U.S. state of Nebraska adopted the motto „equality before the law“ in 1867. It appears both on the state flag and on the state seal.

[9] The motto was chosen to symbolize the political and civil rights of nebraska blacks and women, particularly Nebraska`s rejection of slavery and the fact that black men in the state have been able to vote legally since the beginning of the state. [10] Nebraska activists are extending the motto to other groups, for example to promote LGBT rights in Nebraska. [11] We are all more or less devoted to „Liberty“, to „Egalita“ and to the considerable „Brotherhood“, and we have different ways of showing this. The eulogy of Pericles from the year 431 BC Chr., recorded in Thucydides` history of the Peloponnesian War, contains a passage praising the equality among free male citizens of Athenian democracy: taken together, „Liberty, Equality and Brotherhood“ defines a set of values and ways of life with which most of us would agree, and forms the basis of a society in which we want to live. Interestingly, the inclusion of fraternity has not been without criticism. In response to the recording, journalist Olympe de Gouges wrote the Declaration of the Rights of Women and Citizens in response. And this was not the only slogan used during or after the French Revolution. There were a number of others that emphasized the virtues of liberty, security, and fundamental rights, and none of these other slogans contained the word fraternity. At the time of the French Revolution, „liberty, equality, fraternity“ was one of the many mottos used. In a speech on the organization of the National Guard in December 1790, Maximilien Robespierre advocated that the words „The French People“ and „Liberty, Equality, Fraternity“ be written on uniforms and flags, but his proposal was rejected. But back to the France, where liberty, equality, fraternity was born of the struggle, when the French tried to free themselves from the yoke of an oppressive monarchy during the French Revolution. Although there is debate about who uttered the sentence first, it is most often attributed to Maximilien de Robespierre, a French statesman who defends the right to vote for all adult men and the end of slavery.

This motto was invented on the occasion of the celebrations of the 14th. In July 1880, it was again written on the gables of public buildings. It is included in the constitutions of 1946 and 1958 and is now an integral part of our national heritage. It is found on objects used by the general public, such as coins and stamps. „Equality represents an extreme levelling of society“ Liberalism demands the equality of all before the law. [2] Classical liberalism, as adopted by libertarians and modern American conservatives, rejects the pursuit of collective rights at the expense of individual rights. [3]. And poor Orleans Equality himself, because you are beginning to feel sorry even for him, what does he do with them? When we look at laws, they grant equal justice to all in their private differences; when it comes to social status, advancement in public life is the responsibility of reputation for ability, with class considerations not interfering with merit; Nor does poverty block the way.

[8] Article 200 of the Japanese Penal Code, the penalty for parricide, was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court of Japan in 1973 for violating equality before the law. This was the result of the trial in the Tochigi Patrizid case. [13] „à galité©.“ Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/%C3%A9galit%C3%A9. Retrieved 14 October 2022. In 1774, Alexander Hamilton wrote: „All men have a common original, they participate in a common nature and, therefore, have a common right. No reason can be given for one person to exercise more power over his fellow men than another, unless they voluntarily give him power. [15] Liberty, equality, fraternity remains the national motto of the France. And today, it still represents the same struggle against inequality, division and abuse of power as during the French Revolution. However, French culture is much more complex than it was at the time. This led to a revision of the interpretation of the currency. The fifth demand of the South African Freedom Charter, adopted in 1955, is: „Everything should be equal before the law!“ [12] As a legacy of the Enlightenment, the motto „Liberty, Equality, Fraternity“ first appeared during the French Revolution.

Although it was often questioned, it eventually established itself under the Third Republic. It was incorporated into the 1958 Constitution and is now part of the French national heritage. If the motto liberty, equality, fraternity was born in France, the values it defends were not new. The idea that people should treat each other fairly and respectfully, and that leaders should treat their subjects this way, is very old. Moreover, the values of liberty, equality, fraternity form a belief system that will eventually lead to modern human rights treaties such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights adopted by the United Nations in 1948. Translated directly from French, the motto means „liberty, equality, fraternity“. Less literally, however, Liberty, Equality and Fraternity are fundamental values that define French society and democratic life in general. From 1793, Parisians, soon imitated by the inhabitants of other cities, painted the following words on the facades of their houses: „Unity, indivisibility of the Republic; Freiheit, Gleichheit oder Tod“. But they were quickly asked to delete the last part of the sentence, as it was too closely related to the reign of terror. Marc-Olivier Padis of the terra Nova think tank says that today „the words are the same, but the meaning has changed“. In particular, he notes that fraternity, the most potentially disturbing of the three words, „has acquired a new meaning; that it is not only a link with the country, but also with daily relations. Cultural and demographic changes also influence how the currency is understood by people.

Many believe that secularism is also a fundamental element of French value and an inherent part of liberty, equality, fraternity. So they don`t see any violation of the currency if they support banning, for example, scarves and other religious clothing. And in the future, economic fear will continue and the France could diversify further in many ways. This could lead to a greater emphasis on individual identity, widening the gap between what the currency will mean and what it meant during the French Revolution. The brave young equality has a craziest morning to look for; But now it is only himself to do it. The motto still has meaning as a struggle for the fundamental rights of freedom, equality and non-discrimination. As France has modernized and diversified, it is much more about economic, racial and religious equality today than it used to be. This motto fell into oblivion under the Empire, like many revolutionary symbols.

It reappeared during the revolution of 1848 and is characterized by a religious dimension: priests celebrate the „Christian Fraternity“ and bless the trees of freedom that are planted at that time. When the Constitution of 1848 was drafted, the motto „liberty, equality, fraternity“ was defined as the „principle“ of the republic. The Bible says, „You and the stranger will be equal before the Lord: the same laws and regulations apply to you and to the stranger who dwells among you.“ (Numbers 15:15f) The motto comes from the French Revolution, when it was a war cry against the oppressive monarchy and a call for fundamental rights for the French people. Freedom, or the right to live freely and without undue oppression or restriction by the authorities, is a fundamental value in a democratic society.